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　A Country‘s Standard of Living

The "standard of living" of any country means the average person‘s share of the goods and services the country produces. A country’s standard of living， ____1____， depends first and _____2____ on its capacity to produce wealth. "Wealth" in this sense is not money， for we do not live on money ______3_____ on things that money can buy： "goods" such as food and clothing， and "services" such as transport and "entertainment"1.

A country‘s capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors， most of ____4___ have an effect on one another. Wealth depends _____5_____ a great extent upon a country’s natural resources. Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals， and have fertile soil and a favorable climate； other regions possess none of them.

Next to natural resources ____6____ the ability to turn them to use. China is perhaps as well-off ____7_____ the USA in natural resources， but suffered for many years from civil and external was， and _____8_____ this and other reasons was _____9____ to develop her resources. Sound and stable political conditions， and ____10____ from foreign invasions， enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily， and to produce more wealth than another country equally well favoured by nature but less well ordered2.

A country‘s standard of living does not only depend upon the wealth that is produced and consumed ______11_____ its own borders， but also upon what is directly produced through international trade. _____12______， Britain’s wealth in foodstuffs and other agricultural products would be much less if she had to depend only on ____13____ grown at home. Trade makes it possible for her surplus manufactured goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products that would _____14_____ be lacking. A country‘s wealth is， therefore， much influenced by its manufacturing capacity， _____15____ that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures.

1. A. however B. furthermore C. similarly D. therefore

2. A. primary B. all C. foremost D. mainly

3. A. or B. but C. nor D. besides

4. A. these B. that C. what D. which

5. A. at B. to C. by D. with

6. A. came B. coming C. comes D. come

7. A. to B. like C. by D. as

8. A. because B. for C. of D. by

9. A. uneasy B. incapable C. impossible D. unable

10. A. prevention B. freedom C. liberation D. liberty

11. A. at B. by C. within D. on

12. A. In short B. For example C. As a result D. On the other hand

13. A. which B. what C. that D. those

14. A. otherwise B. certainly C. however D. therefore

15. A. depended B. supposed C. based D. provided

[参考答案及解析]

1.C [解析]call on号召，拜访；get on进展；take on穿上，承担。根据前文和空格句，"任何国家的'生活标准'都是指人均享有的这个国家生产的商品和服务。因此一个国家的生活标准，首先依赖于它能生产财富的能力"，空格与其后面介词on构成depencl on短语，符合语意和搭配习惯。因此C是答案。

2.A [解析]空格所在句子说"财富在这里不是指金钱".in this sense是"在这里的意义"，因此A是答案。相关短语in some sense指在某种意义上；在某种程度上。

3.B [解析]distribute分配，分布；contain包含，包括。空格所在句子说"一个国家生产财富的能力依赖许多因素"，空格处需要一个动词，只有答案produce为生产之意，因此B为答案。

4.D [解析]空格处需要一个定语从句的引导词，因此只能在that和which之间选择。因为空格前出现了介词of，因此排除that，只能选which.

5.B [解析]空格所在句子说"财富在很大程度上依赖一个国家的自然资源".to agreat extent在很大程度上。因此B为答案。

6.B [解析]eontriIrote贡献，attract吸引。空格所在句子"另外一些区域却一个也没有"，只有答案possess指拥有。

7.C [解析]空格所在句子说"除了自然资源就属利用自然资源的能力了".空格处是动词，只有答案turn符合语意。因此C是答案。

8.D [解析]借助空格所在的语意"但遭受多年内部和外部的战争"，判断空格处需要 一个能与suffer搭配的介词。suffer from构成固定搭配。因此答案为D.

9.A [解析]空格所在句子说"以及这样或那样的原因不能开发它本身的资源".根 据上下文判断空格处的语意为"原因"，因此判断A为答案。

10.A [解析]freedom自由，免除；liheration解放，释放；prevention阻碍，妨碍；govern ment政府。空格所在的句子说"健全而稳定的政治条件和免受外国的侵略，使一个国家能够 和平稳定地开发它的自然资源".因此freedom为答案。

11.A [解析]空格所在的句子说"并且比另外同样受到大自然青睐但社会相对无序的国家生产更多的财富".判断空格处为"财富"，因此选A.

12.D [解析]provide提供，create创造。空格所在的句子论述到"一个国家的生活水平不只依赖于自己国内生产和消耗的财富".判断空格处为"消耗"，因此D是答案。

13.C [解析]organization组织，机构，团体；resoirce资源；labor劳动。空格所在的句子说"英国的食品和农产品会很少".判断空格处为"产品"，因此选C.

14.B [解析]空格处是关系代词，引导定语从句，在定语从句中作主语，因此B是答案。

15.D [解析]based基于，realized已实现，supposed假定的。空格所在的句子说"因此，一个国家的财富更多受它的制造能力的影响，假如能够发现其他国家准备好要接受其产品的话"，判断需要表示条件的引导词，只有provided符合。